About Splitting California

For over 170 years, Californians have floated more than 200 plans to break the state up. None has ever succeeded — but the idea never dies. Here's who's proposing it now, how the news is covering it, and what the map actually looks like. Want to try it yourself? Build your own split →

Who wants to split California?

The latest push comes from inside the Legislature, but it joins a long line of rural-vs-urban breakaway movements. Each card links to a pre-built CaliSplit you can open and remix.

The “Two-State Solution” (AJR 23)

Assemblymember James Gallagher, Assembly Republican Leader · 2025

Carve 36 inland counties — the Central Valley, Sierra, far north and Inland Empire (~10.5 million people) — into a new state, leaving the coastal and urban strip as a smaller California. Introduced as a non-binding resolution after the Prop 50 redistricting fight, which Gallagher argues “silences rural voices.”

Status: Parked in the Assembly Rules Committee since introduction — never granted a hearing or floor vote, and with no realistic path through the Democratic-supermajority Legislature. It lives on as a messaging vehicle: Shasta (Nov 2025) and then Yuba and Sutter counties (May 2026) voted to endorse it.

State of Jefferson

Long-running rural movement; modern revival led by Mark Baird (Siskiyou County) · 1941 / 2013–present

Separate the far-northern rural counties (historically with parts of southern Oregon) into a new state called Jefferson, citing chronic under-representation of rural areas in Sacramento.

Status: About a dozen northern counties have passed declarations of intent. Ongoing as advocacy but legally stalled — no Legislature or Congress consent.

New California State

Paul Preston, talk-radio host · 2018–present

Form a 51st state from California’s rural and inland regions, leaving the major urban areas in the old state. Held a “constitutional convention” in Visalia in 2025 and ran an informal vote on its proposed constitution.

Status: Active but fringe; no official legislative traction. Same Article IV barrier.

Cal 3 / Proposition 9 (historical)

Tim Draper, venture capitalist · 2018

A ballot initiative to divide California into three states (Northern California, California, and Southern California). The furthest any modern split has gotten — it actually qualified for the ballot.

Status: Defunct. The California Supreme Court pulled it from the 2018 ballot and removed it permanently that September.

Splitting California in the news

California is more purple than you think

Headlines call California a “blue state,” and statewide it is — Harris beat Trump 60.4%–39.6% on the two-party vote in 2024. But zoom into the counties and the picture is far more mixed. Most of the state's land area leans red; the blue is concentrated in dense coastal metros. The closest counties come out genuinely purple.

Alameda: Harris 74.6% · Trump 21.0%Alpine: Harris 64.9% · Trump 32.9%Amador: Harris 34.7% · Trump 62.6%Butte: Harris 46.8% · Trump 49.9%Calaveras: Harris 34.7% · Trump 62.8%Colusa: Harris 34.6% · Trump 62.9%Contra Costa: Harris 67.3% · Trump 29.4%Del Norte: Harris 40.4% · Trump 56.8%El Dorado: Harris 42.6% · Trump 54.6%Fresno: Harris 46.5% · Trump 50.9%Glenn: Harris 31.2% · Trump 66.1%Humboldt: Harris 62.0% · Trump 33.6%Imperial: Harris 48.3% · Trump 49.1%Inyo: Harris 46.9% · Trump 49.9%Kern: Harris 38.2% · Trump 59.3%Kings: Harris 37.4% · Trump 60.4%Lake: Harris 47.8% · Trump 49.2%Lassen: Harris 21.8% · Trump 75.8%Los Angeles: Harris 64.8% · Trump 31.9%Madera: Harris 38.4% · Trump 59.2%Marin: Harris 80.6% · Trump 16.7%Mariposa: Harris 38.1% · Trump 59.2%Mendocino: Harris 61.3% · Trump 34.5%Merced: Harris 46.5% · Trump 50.9%Modoc: Harris 25.1% · Trump 71.8%Mono: Harris 58.1% · Trump 37.8%Monterey: Harris 63.4% · Trump 33.5%Napa: Harris 65.9% · Trump 31.1%Nevada: Harris 54.4% · Trump 42.1%Orange: Harris 49.7% · Trump 47.1%Placer: Harris 44.3% · Trump 52.8%Plumas: Harris 39.9% · Trump 56.9%Riverside: Harris 48.0% · Trump 49.3%Sacramento: Harris 58.1% · Trump 38.4%San Benito: Harris 54.9% · Trump 42.3%San Bernardino: Harris 47.5% · Trump 49.7%San Diego: Harris 56.9% · Trump 40.1%San Francisco: Harris 80.3% · Trump 15.5%San Joaquin: Harris 48.0% · Trump 48.9%San Luis Obispo: Harris 53.9% · Trump 43.1%San Mateo: Harris 73.5% · Trump 23.2%Santa Barbara: Harris 61.8% · Trump 35.1%Santa Clara: Harris 68.0% · Trump 28.1%Santa Cruz: Harris 75.3% · Trump 20.9%Shasta: Harris 30.5% · Trump 67.0%Sierra: Harris 36.5% · Trump 60.7%Siskiyou: Harris 38.7% · Trump 58.0%Solano: Harris 60.0% · Trump 37.0%Sonoma: Harris 71.4% · Trump 25.2%Stanislaus: Harris 43.2% · Trump 54.2%Sutter: Harris 33.1% · Trump 64.5%Tehama: Harris 27.9% · Trump 69.7%Trinity: Harris 43.4% · Trump 52.8%Tulare: Harris 38.5% · Trump 59.2%Tuolumne: Harris 37.9% · Trump 59.7%Ventura: Harris 56.1% · Trump 41.0%Yolo: Harris 66.3% · Trump 30.1%Yuba: Harris 35.7% · Trump 61.5%
More Harris More Trump

Hover a county for its two-party split. Each county shaded by margin; the most competitive counties appear purple. Source: California Secretary of State, 2024 Statement of Vote.

Compare “Harris counties” vs “Trump counties” as states →

Curious how your own split would stack up? Build a California split →

CaliSplit is a hypothetical, educational tool, not affiliated with any campaign, movement, or government. Editorial summaries above are drawn from the linked sources; please consult them for full detail.